1/23/2024 0 Comments 9 pin connector pinout![]() However, not all our vehicles can handle this nice new Interstate system and road speeds, os residents need to purchase new vehicles (Green Type II connectors) in order to do so. To increase the speed anymore would be unsafe, so the next solution is to add more lanes to our Interstate system (Adding more CAN channels). This works for a while, but we again continue to grow and everyone complains. The first solution we have is to increase the road speed (Our network speed from 250 kbs to 500 kbs). Everything is going along great, traffic isn’t bad, but now are cities are growing in population so we have more traffic and everyone is complaining about how slow it is. Cities would be the equivalent to truck ECUs. Let’s take the modern Interstate system, and think of all its roads as our vehicle network. This prevents the use of a black cable being plugged into a green diagnostic port. ![]() In 2015 and older trucks, the top pin has a larger diameter, and the green pin used on the 2016 and newer is thinner. You will notice in the picture below that the pin at the top center is different in diameter. Since the design change was made on the diagnostic ports on the commercial trucks, all diagnostic cables also went through a design change. You now need to purchase a CAN3 to CAN1 cross over cable. Using your “normal” diagnostic tools with green connectors as explained above, they will not function. This is when Peterbilt, Kenworth, and Volvo decided to move the powertrain traffic over to CAN3, which now created a problem. Normally you will find all your traffic for powertrain on CAN1, however that changed for the first time in 2016. The first iteration of this setup was simply using one CAN channel for “powertrain” components, and another CAN channel for everything else such as body controllers, radios, seats, and whatever else. For this reason, the introduction of multiple CAN channels came to be. Well, even though the speeds are greatly increased there is still a LOT of traffic going through it with the number of sensors and ECUs. Think of a CAN channel as its own network on the vehicle, and it is running at the 500 kbs speed. To make things more confusing, in 2017 we started to see the introduction of multiple CAN channels. Controller Area Network (can) Channels Explained There can only be one speed per datalink, so if any devices (truck vs adapters) on the datalink are set at different rates the entire datalink will crash. To further explain this, 250 kbs and 500 kbs are the speeds at which messages are broadcasted on the vehicle. The solution was to make the “Green” adapter slightly different so that it works on both the green and black adapter, thus making it backward compatible. The main reason for the new “green” connector is that not all truck adapters and scanning tools are capable of reading 500 kbs, and it was feared that technicians would hook up older tools and cause damage to the tool, the truck, or both. With the new “green” connectors, this speed is doubled to 500 kbs. With all this new “traffic” on the vehicle network, the old speeds of the “black” connector trucks were limited at 250 kbs on J1939. While 10 years ago trucks may have had 2 or 3 Electronic Control Units (ECUs), today’s modern trucks are quickly approaching 20 different ECUs. Essentially, trucks have gotten more and more complicated-there are more computers, more wires, more sensors, and more technology on trucks. We have a very popular blog post that goes into the history of the first two setups and explains J1708 and J1939. The adapter connectors on trucks have been evolving since trucks first went electronic. Green 9-pin connector found on 2016 & newer commercial trucks.
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